Diagnostic Crossover in Anorexia Nervosa and Bulimia Nervosa: Implications for DSM-V

first and second authors contributed equally to this publication  AN showed Duchenne smiles for shorter durations than BN and HC participants. AN participants' Duchenne smiles were less intense than those of BN and HC. Reduced Duchenne smile was related to low BMI, and use of medication. Results provide further evidence of difficulties in emotion processing in AN. AbstractA large body of research has associated Eating Disorders with difficulties in socioemotional functioning and it has been argued that they may serve to maintain the illness. This study aimed to explore facial expressions of positive emotions in individuals with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and Bulimia Nervosa (BN) compared to healthy controls (HC), through an examination of the Duchenne smile (DS), which has been associated with feelings of enjoyment, amusement and happiness . Sixty participants (AN=20; BN=20; HC=20) were videotaped while watching a humorous film clip. The duration and intensity of DS were subsequently analysed using the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) (Ekman and Friesen, 2003). Participants with AN displayed DS for shorter durations than BN and HC participants, and their DS had lower intensity. In the clinical groups, lower duration and intensity of DS were associated with lower BMI, and use of psychotropic medication.The study is the first to explore DS in people with eating disorders, providing further evidence of difficulties in the socio-emotional domain in people with AN.

Aim of current study was to offer structural model regarding role of anxiety, depression and anger in eating disorder. Noting morbidity and mushrooming trend of eating disorder in clinical settings and its antagonistic features among afflicted individuals, with respect to clinical implication and, theoretical dimensions, conducting current study seemed vital. Materials and Methods:This study was descriptive-correlational study. Statistical society of current study, consisted of 750 individuals with BMI ≥ 25, who were admitted to nutrition clinic at Sari General Hospital (Sari, Iran). Sample size was specified as 226 according to Krejcie and Morgan Table. We used DASS-20 with respect to depression, anxiety and stress assessment; Spielberger's State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory in clinical patients with respect to anger assessment, EDDS (Eating disorder diagnostic scale) regarding assessment of eating disorders (anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder). With respect to data analyze, SPSS-22 and structural equation modeling and regression model via Lisrel test were used. Results: According to results of current study, anxiety, depression and aggression maintain positive and influential roles with respect to anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorder.

Context Eating disorders are severe conditions, but little is known about the prevalence or correlates of these disorders from population-based surveys of adolescents. Objectives To examine the prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in a large, reprefentative sample of US adolescents. Design Cross-sectional survey of adolescents with face-to-face interviews using a modified version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview. Setting Combined household and school adolescent samples. Participants Nationally representative sample of 10 123 adolescents aged 13 to 18 years. Main Outcome Measures Prevalence and correlates of eating disorders and subthreshold conditions. Results Lifetime prevalence estimates of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge-eating disorder were 0.3%, 0.9%, and 1.6%, respectively. Important differences were observed between eating disorder subtypes concerning sociodemographic correlates, psychiatric comorbidity, role impairment, and suicidality. Although the majority of adolescents with an eating disorder sought some form of treatment, only a minority received treatment specifically for their eating or weight problems. Analyses of 2 related subthreshold conditions suggest that these conditions are often clinically significant. Conclusions Eating disorders and subthreshold eating conditions are prevalent in the general adolescent population. Their impact is demonstrated by generally strong associations with other psychiatric disorders, role impairment, and suicidality. The unmet treatment needs in the adolescent population place these disorders as important public health concerns.