Recent progress in the fabrication and applications of biomimetic superoleophobic surfaces are mainly reviewed, and current and further challenges for biomimetic superoleophobic surfaces are also proposed.

The grain size of perovskites was enhanced and the grain boundary was filled with sulfonate carbon nanotubes (s-CNTs) during the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite precursor solution spin-coating process with the incorporation of s-CNTs. The performance of s-CNT incorporated perovskite solar cells remarkably increased from 10.3% to 15.1% (best) compared with pristine CNT incorporated perovskite solar cells.

Inspired by mussels we designed a novel green superhydrophobic gel nanocoating with good transparency and stability through a facile copolymerization reaction at room temperature and a subsequent trimethyl silyl modified process, which is applicable to various substrates via a simple spray process without requiring toxic substances. Importantly, this well-designed nanocoating has rapid self-healing superhydrophobicity induced by usual organic solvents to face complicated work conditions, which satisfies the need of daily life and can be applied in industry as well.

Organic photomultiplication photodetectors have attracted considerable research interest due to their extremely high external quantum efficiency and corresponding high detectivity. Significant progress has been made in the aspects of their structural design and performance improvement in the past few years. There are two types of organic photomultiplication photodetectors, which are made of organic small molecular compounds and polymers. In this paper, the research progress in each type of organic photomultiplication photodetectors based on the trap assisted carrier tunneling effect is reviewed in detail. In addition, other mechanisms for the photomultiplication processes in organic devices are introduced. Finally, the paper is summarized and the prospects of future research into organic photomultiplication photodetectors are discussed.

Marine mussels tightly adhering to various underwater surfaces inspires human to design adhesives for wet tissue adhesion in surgeries. Characterization of mussel adhesive plaques describes a matrix of proteins containing 3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA), which provides strong adhesion in aquatic conditions. Several synthetic polymer systems have been developed based on this DOPA chemistry. Herein, a citrate-based tissue adhesives (POEC-d) was prepared by a facile one-pot melt polycondensation of two diols including 1,8-octanediol and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO), citric acid (CA) and dopamine, and the effects of hydrophilic and soft PEO on the properties of adhesives were studied. It was found that the obtained adhesives exhibited water-soluble when the mole ratio of PEO to 1,8-octanediol was 70%, and the equilibrium swelling percentage of cured adhesive was about 144%, and degradation rate was in the range of 1-2 weeks. The cured adhesives demonstrated soft rubber-like behavior. The lap shear adhesion strength measured by bonding wet pig skin was in the range of 21.7-33.7 kPa, which was higher than that of commercial fibrin glue (9-15 kPa). The cytotoxicity tests showed the POEC-d adhesives had a low cytotoxicity. Our results supports that POEC-d adhesives, which combined strong wet adhesion with good biodegradability, acceptable swelling ratio, good elasticity and low cytotoxicity, have potentials in surgeries where surgical tissue adhesives, sealants, and hemostatic agents are used.

Sulfonated carbon nanotubes (S-CNTs) and sulfonated graphene (S-Gra) with superior dispersibility were successfully prepared to modify poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) for applications in polymer solar cells (PSCs). The synergetic effect between S-CNTs/S-Gra and PEDOT:PSS could remove excess insulating PSS chains leading to an obvious phase separation between the PEDOT and PSS chains, which allows the formation of more conductive PEDOT channels. The PEDOT:PSS (Clevios PH 4083):S-CNTs with well-matched work function, favorable morphology, optimized hydrophobicity and superior hole mobility is demonstrated to be an excellent hole transport layer (HTL) for PSCs. However, the PEDOT:PSS (Clevios PH 4083) modified by sulfonated graphene with stacked and wrinkled lamellae as an HTL renders a rough morphology and has a negative impact on the morphology of the active layer, consequently resulting in a poor device performance. Excitingly, PEDOT:PSS (Clevios PH 1000) modified with S-Gra shows high conductivity, because the sulfonated graphene lamellae contribute to the connection between the insulator and conductive PEDOT islands and improves the charge conduction. The PH1000:S-Gra with multiple layers presents excellent electrical conductive properties and a high transmittance (sheet resistance of ∼45 Ω sq(-1) and transmittance of ∼85.5% at 550 nm), which possess great potential for its application as a transparent conductive and flexible electrode in organic electronics.

Structure and electronic properties of dysprosium-silicide nanowires on vicinal Si(001) Appl. Phys. Lett. 87, 083107 (2005); 10.1063/1.2032620Influence of strain, surface diffusion and Ostwald ripening on the evolution of nanostructures for erbium on Si (001) The growth behavior and morphology evolution of erbium silicide nanostructures are studied on the vicinal Si͑001͒ surface with a 4°miscut angle towards the ͓110͔ direction as the functions of annealing temperature, annealing time, and Er coverage. Three kinds of nanostructures can be observed on the surface: nanowires, rectangular nanoislands and square nanoislands. The experimental results reveal that nanowires in AlB 2 -type structure and the nanoislands in ThSi 2 -type structure can be formed at 600-650 and 700-750°C, respectively. At the final growth stage, the nanowires of erbium silicide undergo Ostwald ripening. At high coverage of two monolayers, many AlB 2 -type nanoislands will appear in a rectangular shape on the sample surface. According to the AlB 2 -type crystalline structure of ErSi 2 and the scanning tunneling microscopy results obtained on the flat and vicinal substrate surfaces, a model is suggested to describe the ErSi 2 /Si͑001͒ interfacial structure. This model explains the spatial orientation relationship between erbium silicide nanowire and Si dimer row, and is consistent with Er-induced ͑2 ϫ 3͒ reconstruction at the initial stage of Er growth on the Si͑001͒ surface.

A single crystalline perovskite thin wafer is prepared using the seed-induced crystallization method and its photodetection on/off current ratio is 4.3 thousand.